Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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Population of unknown organisms | Year | Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter | 1995 | 564 | 14,598 | 25,762 | 127 | 1996 | 750 | 16,422 | 42,511 | 102 | 1997 | 365 | 14,106 | 36,562 | 136 | | | | | |
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1.
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Which of the
following graphs correctly reflects the data in the table?
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2.
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Which of the
following is NOT a goal of advertising? a. | To persuade consumers to purchase a product | b. | To offer information
about a service | c. | To explain the strengths and weaknesses of a
product | d. | To convince consumers to switch from one product to
another | | |
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Liquid’s
Measurement Data | Liquid | Mass of cup
(g) | Mass of
liquid and cup (g) | Mass of
liquid only (g) | Volume of
liquid (mL) | Density
(g/mL) | Tap
water | 7 | 106 | 99 | 100 | 0.99 | Salt
water | 6 | 110 | 104 | 100 | 1.04 | Oil
| 6 | 98 | 92 | 100 | 0.92 | | | | | | |
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3.
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Other
than the cup mentioned in the data table, what laboratory equipment would you need to use to perform
this experiment? a. | graduated
cylinder, balance | c. | beaker,
balance | b. | beaker, spring scale | d. | graduated cylinder, spring scale | | | | |
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4.
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If
the problem you wanted to solve involved determining the composition of a specific star, which of the
following would you least likely use to gather information about the problem? a. | encyclopedias | c. | textbooks | b. | newspapers | d. | the Internet | | | | |
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5.
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What
property of a wave is represented by Y in the diagram? a. | frequency | c. | wavelength | b. | speed | d. | amplitude | | | | |
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6.
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Which
of the following is NOT true about two compressional waves that meet and are in
phase? a. | The rarefactions
of one wave overlap the rarefactions of the other and the compressions of one wave overlap the
compressions of the other. | b. | The amplitude of the combined wave is greater than the
amplitudes of the original waves. | c. | The rarefactions of one wave overlap the compressions of the
other and the compressions of one wave overlap the rarefactions of the
other. | d. | If the two waves are sound waves, they will produce a louder
sound. | | |
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7.
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Waves
are being shaken onto a rope from both ends. The best description of what is happening in A and C is
that ____. a. | two waves are
traveling in opposite directions on a rope | b. | the wave with a higher amplitude turned into a wave with lower
amplitude | c. | The directions of the two waves
change | d. | The speeds of the two waves are not
constant | | |
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8.
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While
at a picnic, you place a banana on the ground next to you. The banana has stored
____. a. | elastic
potential energy | c. | chemical
potential energy | b. | gravitational potential energy | d. | mechanical energy | | | | |
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9.
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Geologists make extensive use of radioactivity to establish the geologic history of
Earth. One technique employs the ratio of U-235 atoms to Pb-207 atoms. U-235 atoms form Pb-207 atoms
through a series of decays with essentially the half-life of U-235, which is 704 million years. That
is, the amount of U-235 in a sample of rock decays to one-half its original amount in 704 million
years.
A sample of rock is found to contain 1/4 of the U-235
atoms present when the rock was formed. What is the approximate age of the rock? a. | 1.4 billion
years | c. | 352 million
years | b. | 704 million years | d. | 2.8 billion years | | | | |
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10.
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The
surface of liquids in a glass cylinder is always curved. This curved surface is called a meniscus.
When reading a volume of a liquid, read the bottom of the meniscus. What is the most precise volume
of the liquid shown in the figure?
a. | 19.4
mL | c. | 19.57
mL | b. | 19.42
mL | d. | 20.58
mL | | | | |
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11.
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What
is the mass of the object being measured in the figure?
a. | 39.100
g | c. | 111.39
g | b. | 100.39
g | d. | 139
g | | | | |
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12.
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Nitrogen
makes up 78 percent of Earth’s atmosphere. Suppose you wanted to make a circle graph of the
gases in Earth’s atmosphere. How large of a section, in degrees, would nitrogen take
up? a. | 360° | c. | 78° | b. | 280.8° | d. | 100° | | | | |
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Density
Changes with Altitude | Altitude (km) | Density
(g/L) | Altitude
(km) | Density
(g/L) | 0 | 1.23 | 30 | 0.018 | 2 | 1.01 | 40 | 0.004 | 4 | 0.82 | 50 | 0.001 | 6 | 0.66 | 60 | 0.0003 | 8 | 0.53 | 70 | 0.00009 | 10 | 0.41 | 80 | 0.00002 | 15 | 0.19 | 90 | 0.000003 | 20 | 0.09 | 100 | 0.0000005 | | | | |
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13.
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Based
on the table above, the gas in a weather balloon has a density of 0.50 g/L. Assuming temperature is
constant, at about what altitude will the balloon stop rising? a. | 7.7
km | b. | 8.2
km | c. | 100
km | d. | The balloon will
continue to rise indefinitely. | | |
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14.
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From
the information shown on the graph, which of the following statements is NOT true? a. | Electrons in
Period 2 are more difficult to remove from an atom than electrons in Period
3. | b. | In general,
going from left to right across a period on the periodic table, electrons become increasingly
difficult to remove from an atom. | c. | Period 2 atoms are larger in size than Period 3 atoms,
decreasing the attraction of the valence electrons for the nucleus. | d. | The number of
valence electrons follows the same pattern for both periods shown. | | |
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Crude oil
provides many products, but it must be separated into its component parts so that these parts can be
used. This separation process is shown in the diagram and is known as fractional distillation. Crude
oil is heated. As the boiling point of each component of the oil is reached, vapors of this component
leave the mixture. As the vapors rise in the fractionating tower, they are cooled. When each
component is cooled to the point where it changes back to a liquid, it is removed from the tower. The
asphalt left over after the lighter portions are removed is used as a paving material. The lighter
portions, such as gasoline, are often more in demand than the heavier portions, so some of the
heavier portions are broken down into lighter portions in a process called
cracking.
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15.
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Which
of the following statements is true? a. | Jet fuel can be used in an automobile that usually uses
gasoline. | b. | Lighter components of crude oil are used for
fuels. | c. | Lubricating oil boils more readily than
kerosene. | d. | The average boiling point of gasoline is greater than that of
kerosene. | | |
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16.
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If an
object’s weight on Earth is 75 N, what is its mass? a. | 7.7
kg | c. | 75
kg | b. | 7.4 x
102 kg | d. | 24
kg | | | | |
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17.
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What
is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction shown below?
a. | Fe + Cl
®
FeCl | c. | 2Fe +
3Cl2 ® 2FeCl3 | b. | Fe +
Cl2 ® FeCl3 | d. | 2Fe + 6Cl ® 2FeCl3 | | | | |
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18.
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Tin(IV) chloride and iron metal react to form tin(II) chloride and iron(III) chloride.
Which of the following equations for this reaction shows conservation of mass? a. | SnCl4
+ Fe ®
SnCl2 + FeCl3 | c. | 3SnCl4 + 2Fe ®
3SnCl2 + 2FeCl3 | b. | 2SnCl4 + 2Fe ®
SnCl2 + 2FeCl3 | d. | 5SnCl4 + 4Fe ®
4SnCl2 + 4FeCl3 | | | | |
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19.
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The
pH of an HC2H3O2 solution is 4. What is a possible pH of an HCl
solution of the same concentration?
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20.
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As
shown in the art, what solute increases in solubility at a small rate as temperature
increases? a. | CaCl2 | c. | KClO3 | b. | Ce2(SO4)3 | d. | NaCl | | | | |
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21.
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What
are the potential dangers if a chemical from a lab spills on your hand? a. | Your hand could
catch fire. | b. | You will risk being infected with
bacteria. | c. | You could get a chemical burn. | d. | You could cut
your hand. | | |
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22.
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You
are in the rain forest studying the diet of tropical tree frogs. Which is inappropriate for you to
do? a. | Keep out of
sight. | c. | Record all your
data and observations. | b. | Feed the frogs part of your
food. | d. | Reduce bias in
the experiment. | | | | |
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23.
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How
is speed affected by this machine? a. | Increases | c. | Stays the same | b. | Decreases | d. | Increases, then
decreases | | | | |
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24.
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If
the pulley system in Figure B is lifting a 40-N weight, how much force must be exerted in the
direction of arrow 4?
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25.
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For
which of the following processes are gases the least effective at thermal energy
transport? a. | conduction | c. | radiation | b. | convection | d. | collisional | | | | |
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