Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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Population of unknown organisms | Year | Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter | 1995 | 564 | 14,598 | 25,762 | 127 | 1996 | 750 | 16,422 | 42,511 | 102 | 1997 | 365 | 14,106 | 36,562 | 136 | | | | | |
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1.
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Which of the
following graphs correctly reflects the data in the table?
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2.
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A researcher
finds that her data do not support her hypothesis. What conclusion can she reach? a. | The hypothesis is
wrong. | c. | The data do not support
the hypothesis. | b. | The data are incorrect. | d. | Her observations were biased. | | | | |
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3.
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A student
wants to incorporate a scanned photograph into her lab report. The photograph must be reduced to fit
within the margins of the text. What computer application could she use to accomplish this
task? a. | Graphics
software | c. | Word-processing
program | b. | Electronic spreadsheet | d. | Help menu | | | | |
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Pollution is
the introduction of non-native, harmful substances into an environment. Oil is considered a pollutant
when it enters oceans. A pollutant is a substance that causes damage to organisms by interfering with
life processes. The graph shows the percentage of different sources of oil that enter the oceans each
year.
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4.
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What can you
infer from the data in the graph? a. | More accidents occur on land than at sea. | b. | Offshore mining
accounts for as much oil pollution as gas and oil drilling. | c. | More than three-fourths
of the oil entering oceans originates on land. | d. | Ocean dumping is a
small and relatively easy problem to address. | | |
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5.
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What type of
data are shown in the graph? a. | Qualitative | c. | Independent | b. | Quantitative | d. | Descriptive | | | | |
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6.
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A simile is
a literary device used for comparison. What factor in an experiment is most like a
simile? a. | Dependent
variable | c. | Control | b. | Independent variable | d. | Constant | | | | |
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7.
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Which of the
following is NOT true of a scientific explanation? a. | It begins with a
question. | b. | It can be verified by other researchers. | c. | It is never subject to
change. | d. | It builds on previous knowledge and
observations. | | |
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8.
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What would
be the best source for an objective review of a product? a. | A government
study | c. | The manufacturer’s
competitors | b. | The manufacturer of the product | d. | A radio ad | | | | |
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9.
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You design
an experiment to test the claim in the ad. What would be the first step of your
experiment? a. | Analyzing
data | c. | Forming a
hypothesis | b. | Identifying variables | d. | Drawing a conclusion | | | | |
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10.
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A company
wants to make its product more easily recognizable to consumers. What might the company do to
accomplish this goal? a. | Work with its competitors | c. | Create a new product | b. | Design a
logo | d. | Increase its research
budget | | | | |
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11.
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If a
train could travel on water, it would take an average train about two weeks to travel around Earth.
Which of the following is true about this statement? a. | It is a
hypothesis, not a prediction. | c. | It is both a
prediction and a hypothesis. | b. | It is a prediction, not a
hypothesis. | d. | It is neither a
prediction nor a hypothesis. | | | | |
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12.
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When
a guitar string is plucked ____. a. | molecules of air travel from the string to your
eardrum | b. | a transverse wave is produced | c. | energy is
transferred from the string to your eardrum | d. | a wave is
produced that moves at a right angle to the vibration of the string | | |
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13.
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Which
of the following is directly related to the amplitude of a wave? a. | the energy of
the wave | b. | the speed of the wave | c. | the wavelength
of the wave | d. | the medium in which the wave is
produced | | |
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Seismic waves generated by earthquakes are a combination of a primary and secondary
wave. A primary wave is a compressional wave; a secondary wave is a transverse wave. Both waves
spread out from the focus of the earthquake in all directions. The focus is the point beneath
Earth’s surface where the earthquake occurs. The point directly above the focus on the surface
of Earth is called the epicenter. When primary and secondary waves reach Earth’s surface, some
of their energy is carried away by surface waves that spread out in all directions. This is similar
to ripples on the surface of a pool when you drop a pebble in. Surface waves move more slowly than
primary and secondary waves, and they cause more destruction.
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14.
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Based on the
statement above, how does the epicenter of an earthquake relate to the focus of an
earthquake? a. | The epicenter
and the focus are the same. | b. | The epicenter is directly below the focus in Earth’s
crust. | c. | The epicenter is directly above the focus on Earth’s
surface. | d. | The epicenter and focus are not
related. | | |
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15.
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A
bowling ball rolls at a speed of 2.0 m/s and has kinetic energy of 12.0 J. What is the kinetic energy
of the bowling ball when its speed is 1.0 m/s? a. | 3.0 J | c. | 12.0 J | b. | 6.0
J | d. | 24.0
J | | | | |
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16.
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Which
of the following is a physical change? a. | aluminum oxidizing | b. | an acid and a
base forming a salt and water | c. | ice cream melting | d. | paper
burning | | |
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17.
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What
is wrong with the equation 4NaOH + 2CaBr2 ® 2Ca(OH)2 + 4NaBr? a. | The coefficients
are not in the simplest ratio. | b. | The compounds are all ionic. | c. | The equation
does not have an equal number of each type of atom on both sides of the
equation. | d. | The hydroxide ion is treated as one unit, not as individual O
and H atoms. | | |
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18.
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BaSO4 is an ionic solid. What part of the water molecule will be attracted
to the SO42- ions in solution? a. | The positive part, H | c. | The positive part, O | b. | The negative
part, H | d. | The negative
part, O | | | | |
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19.
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As
shown in the art, what solute decreases in solubility as temperature increases? a. | CaCl2 | c. | KClO3 | b. | Ce2(SO4)3 | d. | NaCl | | | | |
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20.
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As
shown in the art, what solute increases in solubility at a small rate as temperature
increases? a. | CaCl2 | c. | KClO3 | b. | Ce2(SO4)3 | d. | NaCl | | | | |
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21.
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Before the health dangers of its use were known, carbon tetrachloride was used as a
dry cleaning solvent because it was so effective in removing oils and grease. Water will not remove
these substances from clothing. Which of the following statements is most likely
true? a. | Both oils and
carbon tetrachloride are polar. | b. | Carbon tetrachloride is under greater pressure than
water. | c. | Carbon tetrachloride is warmer than
water. | d. | Neither oils nor carbon tetrachloride is
polar. | | |
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22.
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How
do machines cause you to expend more energy? a. | More energy is needed to overcome
friction. | b. | Energy is needed to change the direction of the
force. | c. | They decrease the amount of work
done. | d. | They change the velocity of objects. | | |
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23.
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If a
worker applies an effort force of 15 N to pry open a wooden crate that has a resistance force of 450
N, what is the mechanical advantage of the crowbar?
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24.
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Which
of the following substances is best at conducting thermal energy? a. | glass | c. | copper | b. | water | d. | helium | | | | |
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25.
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In
the figure, what happens to the radiation at the point labeled “A”? a. | It is absorbed
by the atmosphere. | c. | It is reflected
by the atmosphere. | b. | It is absorbed by Earth’s
surface. | d. | It is reflected
by Earth’s surface. | | | | |
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