Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Why should
quantitative experiments be repeated? a. | To publish results | c. | To clearly display information | b. | To communicate
results | d. | To reduce the chance of
error | | | | |
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2.
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As part of
their job, a group of factory workers must handle certain chemicals every day. The workers are
concerned that the chemicals are making them ill. The factory hires a researcher to investigate the
situation. The researcher conducts a poll of the workers to determine how many times each has been
hospitalized over the course of a year. She then conducts the same poll with factory workers at a
different plant, and compares the results. In both cases, few people were hospitalized, so the
researcher concludes there is no health problem. The workers charge that the study is biased. Which
statement below does NOT reflect bias in the study? a. | The researcher was
hired by the factory. | b. | Polls are not valid. | c. | Sick people do not
always require hospitalization. | d. | The factory workers may have handled different
materials. | | |
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3.
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A
manufacturer argues against government regulations on advertising. Of the statements below, which is
the best argument in favor of such regulations? a. | Some products are overly expensive. | b. | Some ads are too
long. | c. | Some services are not necessary. | d. | Some products can be
harmful to consumers. | | |
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4.
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What
property of a wave is represented by X in the diagram? a. | frequency | c. | wavelength | b. | speed | d. | amplitude | | | | |
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5.
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In
diagram A, what is the frequency of the wave? a. | 1 wavelength | c. | 1 Hz | b. | 1 crest and 1 trough | d. | 1 m/s | | | | |
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6.
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Which
of the following is NOT true about two compressional waves that meet and are in
phase? a. | The rarefactions
of one wave overlap the rarefactions of the other and the compressions of one wave overlap the
compressions of the other. | b. | The amplitude of the combined wave is greater than the
amplitudes of the original waves. | c. | The rarefactions of one wave overlap the compressions of the
other and the compressions of one wave overlap the rarefactions of the
other. | d. | If the two waves are sound waves, they will produce a louder
sound. | | |
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7.
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The
best description of what is happening in B in the diagram is that ____. a. | the people at
the ends of the rope flipped the rope up higher | b. | constructive
interference occurred when the crests of the two waves met | c. | destructive
interference occurred and cancelled part of each wave | d. | the waves are
out of phase so nothing happened | | |
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8.
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The
kinetic energy of an object depends on which of the following? a. | mass and
height | c. | mass and
acceleration | b. | velocity and height | d. | mass and velocity | | | | |
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9.
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A
stone is dropped from a bridge 10 m above a river. Which of the following graphs best represents the
mechanical energy of the stone as it falls to a height of 5 m above the river?
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Table 1 Efficiency of Fossil Fuel
Conversion | Process | Efficiency
(%) | Chemical to thermal energy | 60 | Conversion of
water to steam | 90 | Steam-turning
turbine | 75 | Turbine spins
electric generator | 95 | Transmission
through power lines | 90 | Overall
efficiency | 35 | | |
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10.
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Using
the table above, what part of the fossil fuel conversion to electricity has the highest
efficiency? a. | chemical to
thermal energy | c. | transmission
through power lines | b. | conversion of water to steam | d. | turbine spins electric generator | | | | |
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11.
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What
is the function of the control rods in the reactor core of a nuclear power plant? a. | prevent some
neutrons from striking other U-235 nuclei. | b. | increase the number of neutrons striking other U-235
nuclei. | c. | prevent the chain reaction from
occurring. | d. | double the number of neutrons released by splitting U-235
nuclei. | | |
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12.
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What
is the mass of the object being measured in the figure?
a. | 47.52 g | c. | 407.52 g | b. | 147.52
g | d. | 527.40
g | | | | |
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13.
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Examine the figure shown. Which of the following statements explains why a steel ship
will float on water but a bar of steel will sink.
a. | Because of the
air in the hull, the overall density of the ship is less than the density of
water. | b. | The buoyant force on the ship is greater than the weight of the
ship. | c. | The densest part of the ship is the part that is out of the
water. | d. | When rolled into a sheet, steel is less dense than
water. | | |
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Density
Changes with Altitude | Altitude (km) | Density
(g/L) | Altitude
(km) | Density
(g/L) | 0 | 1.23 | 30 | 0.018 | 2 | 1.01 | 40 | 0.004 | 4 | 0.82 | 50 | 0.001 | 6 | 0.66 | 60 | 0.0003 | 8 | 0.53 | 70 | 0.00009 | 10 | 0.41 | 80 | 0.00002 | 15 | 0.19 | 90 | 0.000003 | 20 | 0.09 | 100 | 0.0000005 | | | | |
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14.
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Based
on the table above, which of the following statements is true about the relationship between density
and altitude? a. | Density
decreases as altitude increases. | c. | Density decreases as altitude
decreases. | b. | Density increases as altitude
increases. | d. | Density and
altitude are not related. | | | | |
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15.
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A
hydraulic lift uses one cylinder that contains a piston with an area of 0.16 m2. The lift
also contains a larger cylinder with a piston area of 0.32 m2. How does the force applied
to the smaller cylinder compare to the force resulting in the larger cylinder if the pressure in the
lift is constant? a. | The force for
the smaller cylinder is greater than the force for the larger cylinder. | b. | The force for
the smaller cylinder is smaller than the force for the larger cylinder. | c. | The forces are
equal for both cylinders. | d. | The relationship of the forces depends on the amount of
pressure in the lift. | | |
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16.
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A
group of students collected samples of equal volume of several different liquids, such as dish
detergent, vinegar, molasses, and shampoo. They placed the liquids in identical graduated cylinders
and measured the amount of time it took for a marble to drop from the top of the liquid to the
bottom. What were the students measuring? a. | buoyancy | c. | state of matter | b. | pressure | d. | viscosity | | | | |
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17.
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An
electric current is generally a flow of these subatomic particles. a. | protons | c. | electrons | b. | neutrons | d. | nuclei | | | | |
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18.
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Based
on its location on the periodic table, which of the following elements is most likely to share three
pairs of electrons with other atoms?
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19.
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Based
on the high percentage of hydrogen and oxygen found in the human body, what compound shown in the art
makes up most of the mass of a human? a. | blood | c. | protein | b. | carbon
dioxide | d. | water | | | | |
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20.
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Which
of the following statements is NOT true regarding a bowl of vegetable soup? a. | It is a
heterogeneous mixture. | b. | The broth contains a homogeneous mixture of salt and
water. | c. | The broth contains all the compounds present in the
soup. | d. | The compounds in the soup are made up of
elements. | | |
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21.
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Which
of the following is a physical change? a. | aluminum oxidizing | b. | an acid and a
base forming a salt and water | c. | ice cream melting | d. | paper
burning | | |
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22.
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You
are a passenger in a vehicle which stops suddenly. According to Newton’s first law, how will
your body behave if you are NOT wearing a safety belt? a. | It will stop
with the vehicle. | c. | It will move
suddenly backward. | b. | It will continue to move straight
ahead. | d. | It will tend to
move to one side. | | | | |
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Mass of Reactants | Mass of Products | 223.4 g Fe + 96.0 g O2 | ? g Fe2O3 | 44.0 g C3H8 + 160.0 g O2 | 132.0 g CO2 + ? g H2O | ? NH4NO3 | 11.2 g H2O + 13.8 g N2O | | |
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23.
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According to the third reaction in the table, what mass of ammonium nitrate is needed
to form the products listed? a. | 2.6 g | c. | 25.0 g | b. | 13.8
g | d. | 154.5
g | | | | |
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24.
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Freezing point decreases as the number of particles dissolved in the solution
increases. Which of the following compounds would be most effective in melting ice on the
road? a. | C12H22O11 | c. | KBr | b. | CaCl2 | d. | NaCl | | | | |
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25.
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Which
of the following is true about radiation? a. | Radiation does not require matter to travel through
space. | b. | Radiation transfers thermal energy from a cold area to a warm
area. | c. | Radiation is dependent on traveling molecules and
particles. | d. | Radiation cannot occur in solids. | | |
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