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IPC TAKS Review

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 
 
Population of unknown organisms
Year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
1995
564
14,598
25,762
127
1996
750
16,422
42,511
102
1997
365
14,106
36,562
136
 

1. 
Based on the data, what can you conclude about the organism?
a.
It has a short lifespan.
c.
It thrives in even-numbered years.
b.
It has a long lifespan.
d.
It does not like cold or hot temperatures.
 

2. 
Why should quantitative experiments be repeated?
a.
To publish results
c.
To clearly display information
b.
To communicate results
d.
To reduce the chance of error
 
 
ipctaks02_files/i0050000.jpg
 

3. 
You design an experiment to test the claim in the ad. What would be the first step of your experiment?
a.
Analyzing data
c.
Forming a hypothesis
b.
Identifying variables
d.
Drawing a conclusion
 
 
Liquid’s Measurement Data
Liquid
Mass of cup (g)
Mass of liquid and cup (g)
Mass of liquid only (g)
Volume of liquid (mL)
Density (g/mL)
Tap water
7
106
99
100
0.99
Salt water
6
110
104
100
1.04
Oil
6
98
92
100
0.92
 

4. 
Some of the data in the table were measured during the experiment, and some were calculated from the data measurements. Which of the quantities in the table were measured?
a.
mass of cup, mass of liquid and cup, and density
b.
mass of cup, mass of liquid and cup, and volume of liquid
c.
mass of liquid only and density
d.
mass of liquid only, volume of liquid, and density
 
 
ipctaks02_files/i0090000.jpg
 

5. 
In diagram A, what is the frequency of the wave?
a.
1 wavelength
c.
1 Hz
b.
1 crest and 1 trough
d.
1 m/s
 

6. 
Polarized sunglasses are useful because ____.
a.
they are dark and don’t allow as much light to come through
b.
they reflect much of the light from their surfaces
c.
they filter out the horizontal transverse waves present in light and allow vertical waves only to get to the eyes
d.
They diffract and refract light
 
 
Table 1 Efficiency of Fossil Fuel Conversion
Process
Efficiency (%)
Chemical to thermal energy
60
Conversion of water to steam
90
Steam-turning turbine
75
Turbine spins electric generator
95
Transmission through power lines
90
Overall efficiency
35
 

7. 
Using the table above, what part of the fossil fuel conversion to electricity has the highest efficiency?
a.
chemical to thermal energy
c.
transmission through power lines
b.
conversion of water to steam
d.
turbine spins electric generator
 
 
ipctaks02_files/i0140000.jpg
 

8. 
What role does sunlight play in the production of electricity from a solar cell?
a.
Sunlight absorbs electrons from the metal surface.
b.
Sunlight cools the metal contacts.
c.
Sunlight causes the ejection of electrons from a semiconductor.
d.
Sunlight causes both semiconductors to absorb electrons.
 

9. 
Geologists make extensive use of radioactivity to establish the geologic history of Earth. One technique employs the ratio of U-235 atoms to Pb-207 atoms. U-235 atoms form Pb-207 atoms through a series of decays with essentially the half-life of U-235, which is 704 million years. That is, the amount of U-235 in a sample of rock decays to one-half its original amount in 704 million years.

A sample of rock is found to contain 1/4 of the U-235 atoms present when the rock was formed. What is the approximate age of the rock?
a.
1.4 billion years
c.
352 million years
b.
704 million years
d.
2.8 billion years
 

10. 
What is the function of a battery or power supply in an electric circuit?
a.
It provides a voltage difference.
c.
It lowers the current.
b.
It measures combined resistance.
d.
It decreases resistance.
 

11. 
Why are most household circuits parallel, rather than series?
a.
Parallel circuits allow some lights and appliances to be used when others are off.
b.
Parallel circuits carry less current than series circuits.
c.
Parallel circuits allow no lights and appliances to be used when others are off.
d.
Parallel circuits don’t require fuses or circuit breakers.
 
 
ipctaks02_files/i0190000.jpg
 

12. 
Because of what takes place in forming this compound, shown in the figure, where would you expect the atoms involved to be located on the periodic table?
a.
Groups 1A and 7A because equal numbers of electrons are gained and lost.
b.
Group 2A because two electrons are lost by one atom, and Group 7A because one electron is gained by each of two atoms.
c.
Group 2A because two electrons are gained by one atom, and Group 7A because one electron is lost by each of two atoms.
d.
Group 8A because all atoms end up with eight electrons in their outer energy levels.
 
 
ipctaks02_files/i0210000.jpg
 

13. 
From the information shown on the graph, which of the following statements is NOT true?
a.
Electrons in Period 2 are more difficult to remove from an atom than electrons in Period 3.
b.
In general, going from left to right across a period on the periodic table, electrons become increasingly difficult to remove from an atom.
c.
Period 2 atoms are larger in size than Period 3 atoms, decreasing the attraction of the valence electrons for the nucleus.
d.
The number of valence electrons follows the same pattern for both periods shown.
 

14. 
Calcium chloride is a pure substance used on roads to control dust and to melt ice and snow. Its formula unit shows that it contains one calcium ion for every two chloride ions. What type of matter is calcium chloride?
a.
ionic compound
c.
molecular compound
b.
covalent compound
d.
element
 
 
ipctaks02_files/i0240000.jpg
Crude oil provides many products, but it must be separated into its component parts so that these parts can be used. This separation process is shown in the diagram and is known as fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated. As the boiling point of each component of the oil is reached, vapors of this component leave the mixture. As the vapors rise in the fractionating tower, they are cooled. When each component is cooled to the point where it changes back to a liquid, it is removed from the tower. The asphalt left over after the lighter portions are removed is used as a paving material. The lighter portions, such as gasoline, are often more in demand than the heavier portions, so some of the heavier portions are broken down into lighter portions in a process called cracking.
 

15. 
What type of change is involved when hydrocarbon gases are used as fuels and to make plastics?
a.
a physical change
b.
a chemical change
c.
both a chemical change and a physical change
d.
neither a chemical nor a physical change
 
 
ipctaks02_files/i0260000.jpg
 

16. 
Using the data table, what is the acceleration due to gravity of an object with a mass of 7.7 kg on Mars?
a.
3.63 m/s2
c.
0.04 m/s2
b.
9.8 m/s2
d.
0.38 m/s2
 
 
Year
Distance (cm)
1
1.8
2
2.6
3
3.5
4
2.1
5
2.3
6
2.1
7
2.4
8
2.8
9
2.6
10
2.5
11
2.6

The theory of seafloor spreading was first proposed in the 1960s as an explanation for the formation of mountainous ridges discovered on the ocean floor. It was suggested that hot material in Earth’s mantle is forced upward to the surface at the ridge, then flows sideways carrying the seafloor away from the ridge in both directions. Scientists discovered that age and magnetic data of rocks from the ocean floor strongly supported this theory. The combined theories of continental drift and seafloor spreading produced the theory of plate tectonics, which describes how Earth’s crust and upper mantle is broken into sections, called plates, that move around on Earth’s mantle. The table above provides sample data for spreading movement at a divergent plate boundary.
 

17. 
The mass of Earth is 5.98 x 1024 kg. Assume that the data in the table represents the continuous motion of one plate, which has mass that is 1/15 that of Earth’s. What is the magnitude of the force required to cause the plate’s acceleration during year 3?
a.
3.61 x 106 N
c.
1.41 x 107 N
b.
5.41 x 107 N
d.
4.43 x 1014 N
 

18. 
A log burns in a fireplace. The large log leaves a handful of ashes. Which of the following statements best explains the difference in mass of the log and the ashes?
a.
Mass was destroyed during the reaction.
b.
Mass was not lost because the density of the ashes is greater than the density of the log.
c.
The difference in mass was converted to released energy.
d.
The mass of the log and oxygen equals the mass of the ash and product gases.
 

19. 
What is wrong with the equation 4NaOH + 2CaBr2 ® 2Ca(OH)2 + 4NaBr?
a.
The coefficients are not in the simplest ratio.
b.
The compounds are all ionic.
c.
The equation does not have an equal number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation.
d.
The hydroxide ion is treated as one unit, not as individual O and H atoms.
 

20. 
How many moles of ions are produced when one mole of Na3PO4 dissolves in water?
a.
1
c.
4
b.
2
d.
8
 

21. 
Freezing point decreases as the number of particles dissolved in the solution increases. Which of the following compounds would be most effective in melting ice on the road?
a.
BaCl2
c.
KCl
b.
C12H22O11
d.
NaBr
 

22. 
Which simple machine is part of your knee?
a.
Wedge
c.
Wheel and axle
b.
Inclined plane
d.
Lever
 
 
ipctaks02_files/i0350000.jpgipctaks02_files/i0350001.jpg
 

23. 
How far would the rope need to be pulled in the direction of arrow 2 in order to lift a 10 N weight 3.5 m?
a.
7.0 m
c.
35 m
b.
3.5 m
d.
13.5 m
 

24. 
If a worker applies an effort force of 15 N to pry open a wooden crate that has a resistance force of 450 N, what is the mechanical advantage of the crowbar?
a.
30
c.
435
b.
6750
d.
465
 

25. 
Radiant energy shines on a piece of dark blue, transparent glass. Which of the following is most likely to occur?
a.
The glass transfers the radiant energy received through the glass by convection.
b.
All the radiant energy is transmitted through the glass.
c.
Some radiant energy is absorbed and some is transmitted.
d.
All the radiant energy is absorbed.
 



 
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