(*if other than Mr. Queano)
Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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A researcher
is studying the effects of climate on freshwater life. She sets up an experiment wherein she will
count the number of microscopic organisms, called Paramecium, that survive at a given
temperature. Her results are shown in the graph below.
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1.
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What factor
does temperature represent in the experiment? a. | Independent variable | c. | Control | b. | Dependent variable | d. | Constant | | | | |
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2.
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A
manufacturer argues against government regulations on advertising. Of the statements below, which is
the best argument in favor of such regulations? a. | Some products are overly expensive. | b. | Some ads are too
long. | c. | Some services are not necessary. | d. | Some products can be
harmful to consumers. | | |
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3.
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What is an
inference? a. | A
hypothesis | c. | A
service | b. | A product | d. | A type of conclusion | | | | |
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4.
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A company
uses a well-known athlete to promote its product in television commercials. What inference is the
advertiser hoping the consumer will make? a. | The product is related to sports. | b. | The product will make
the consumer more like the athlete. | c. | The product will make the consumer more like the
advertiser. | d. | The product is inexpensive. | | |
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Liquid’s
Measurement Data | Liquid | Mass of cup
(g) | Mass of
liquid and cup (g) | Mass of
liquid only (g) | Volume of
liquid (mL) | Density
(g/mL) | Tap
water | 7 | 106 | 99 | 100 | 0.99 | Salt
water | 6 | 110 | 104 | 100 | 1.04 | Oil
| 6 | 98 | 92 | 100 | 0.92 | | | | | | |
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5.
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Other
than the cup mentioned in the data table, what laboratory equipment would you need to use to perform
this experiment? a. | graduated
cylinder, balance | c. | beaker,
balance | b. | beaker, spring scale | d. | graduated cylinder, spring scale | | | | |
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6.
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Compare diagrams A and B. How does the wavelength of the wave in B compare to the
wavelength of the wave in A? a. | The wavelength of the wave in B is one-half the wavelength of
the wave in A. | b. | The wavelength of the wave in B is twice the wavelength of the
wave in A. | c. | The wavelength of the wave in B is four times the wavelength of
the wave in A. | d. | It is impossible to tell how the wavelengths
compare. | | |
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7.
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A
small amount of mass is transformed into energy when ____. a. | gasoline burns
in a car engine | b. | a nuclear power plant produces
electricity | c. | your body digests a candy bar | d. | an electric
heater warms a room | | |
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Table 1 Efficiency of Fossil Fuel
Conversion | Process | Efficiency
(%) | Chemical to thermal energy | 60 | Conversion of
water to steam | 90 | Steam-turning
turbine | 75 | Turbine spins
electric generator | 95 | Transmission
through power lines | 90 | Overall
efficiency | 35 | | |
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8.
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Using
the table above, how is the overall efficiency of fossil-fuel conversion to electricity
calculated? a. | adding the stage
efficiencies and dividing the result by 5 | b. | multiplying the five stage
efficiencies | c. | dividing the five stage efficiencies | d. | multiplying the
stage efficiencies and dividing the result by 5 | | |
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9.
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Which
of these is NOT a way to conserve fossil fuels? a. | Obtain energy from other sources such as wind, water, Earth,
and the Sun. | b. | Make more fuel-efficient vehicles such as hybrid gas-electric
cars. | c. | Manufacture larger trucks and SUVs | d. | Don’t waste
energy in your daily activities. | | |
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10.
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What is
listed in the first column of a data table? a. | the title | c. | collected data | b. | characteristics to be
compared | d. | items to be
compared | | | | |
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11.
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The graph
shows the amount of aluminum collected during one week for recycling. Which of the following
statements best describes the data shown?
a. | More aluminum was
collected on Wednesday than Friday. | b. | Twice as much aluminum was collected on Monday than
Friday. | c. | Less aluminum was collected on Monday than
Wednesday. | d. | The most aluminum was collected on Friday. | | |
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Crude oil
provides many products, but it must be separated into its component parts so that these parts can be
used. This separation process is shown in the diagram and is known as fractional distillation. Crude
oil is heated. As the boiling point of each component of the oil is reached, vapors of this component
leave the mixture. As the vapors rise in the fractionating tower, they are cooled. When each
component is cooled to the point where it changes back to a liquid, it is removed from the tower. The
asphalt left over after the lighter portions are removed is used as a paving material. The lighter
portions, such as gasoline, are often more in demand than the heavier portions, so some of the
heavier portions are broken down into lighter portions in a process called
cracking.
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12.
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What
type of change is involved in the process of fractional distillation? a. | a physical
change | b. | a chemical change | c. | both a chemical
change and a physical change | d. | Neither a chemical nor a physical
change | | |
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13.
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What
type of change is involved when hydrocarbon gases are used as fuels and to make
plastics? a. | a physical
change | b. | a chemical change | c. | both a chemical
change and a physical change | d. | neither a chemical nor a physical
change | | |
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14.
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Which
of the following changes involved in manufacturing an automobile is a chemical
change? a. | applying paint
to the body of the automobile | b. | making plastics from petroleum
products | c. | making steel from iron, carbon, and other
metals | d. | rolling out steel into sheets | | |
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15.
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If an
object’s weight on Earth is 75 N, what is its mass? a. | 7.7
kg | c. | 75
kg | b. | 7.4 x
102 kg | d. | 24
kg | | | | |
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16.
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Which
of the following statements is true? a. | If a moving object slows down, it is
accelerating. | b. | An object does not accelerate if it turns and maintains
constant speed. | c. | Velocity of a moving object is the distance traveled divided by
the time needed to travel the distance. | d. | Friction is the pull that all objects exert on one
another. | | |
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17.
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What
is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction shown below?
a. | Fe + Cl
®
FeCl | c. | 2Fe +
3Cl2 ® 2FeCl3 | b. | Fe +
Cl2 ® FeCl3 | d. | 2Fe + 6Cl ® 2FeCl3 | | | | |
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Mass of Reactants | Mass of Products | 223.4 g Fe + 96.0 g O2 | ? g Fe2O3 | 44.0 g C3H8 + 160.0 g O2 | 132.0 g CO2 + ? g H2O | ? NH4NO3 | 11.2 g H2O + 13.8 g N2O | | |
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18.
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What
mass of Fe2O3 is produced in the reaction shown in the first equation in the
table? a. | 127.4
g | c. | 319.4
g | b. | 223.4
g | d. | 590.8
g | | | | |
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19.
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When
sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) react, water forms. What is the other
product?
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20.
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Water
in a swimming pool has a pH of 6.8. If the desired pH is 7.5, what should be added to the
water? a. | a
base | c. | more
water | b. | an acid | d. | chlorine | | | | |
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21.
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The
pH of an HC2H3O2 solution is 4. What is a possible pH of an HCl
solution of the same concentration?
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22.
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Which
simple machine is part of your knee? a. | Wedge | c. | Wheel and axle | b. | Inclined
plane | d. | Lever | | | | |
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23.
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A
perfect machine has been built in which there is no friction. If a force of 15 N is exerted on this
machine over a distance of 2 m to move an object, how far will the object be moved if the force
applied by the machine is 3 N? a. | 0.4 m | c. | 10 m | b. | 1.5 m | d. | 5 m | | | | |
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24.
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If a
worker applies an effort force of 15 N to pry open a wooden crate that has a resistance force of 450
N, what is the mechanical advantage of the crowbar?
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25.
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In
what direction does thermal energy flow naturally? a. | from warm to
warm | c. | from cold to
cold | b. | from warm to
cold | d. | from cold to
warm | | | | |
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