Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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What is the
function of the structure labeled C? a. | To produce ribosomes | c. | To generate energy | b. | To suspend
organelles | d. | To maintain
homeostasis | | | | |
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2.
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What is the
main difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote? a. | The need for
nutrients | c. | Organelles | b. | Plasma membranes | d. | Algae | | | | |
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3.
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Which of the
following structures would you NOT find in your body cells? a. | mitochondria | c. | plasma
membranes | b. | cell walls | d. | ribosomes | | | | |
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4.
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How many
carbon atoms are in this nucleotide?
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5.
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Which of the
following best describes the role of RNA molecules that form in the nucleus when DNA is
copied? a. | RNA molecules are
messengers that carry the code from the DNA to the ribosomes. | b. | RNA molecules are
responsible for the genetic code. | c. | RNA molecules attach to ribosomes. | d. | RNA molecules determine
how an organism looks and acts. | | |
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6.
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Which of the
following analogies is true? a. | The copy of the DNA is like a blueprint of the RNA
code. | b. | DNA is like workers on an assembly line. | c. | Nucleotides are the
building blocks of nitrogen bases. | d. | The structure of DNA can be compared to a twisted
ladder. | | |
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7.
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Which of the
following nitrogen base sequences will complement the anticodon shown?
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8.
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Why does a
person with only one copy of a defective gene often not get the disorder associated with the
gene? a. | Neither parent was a
carrier of the gene. | b. | Both parents were carriers. | c. | This individual is
protected by the presence of a normal gene. | d. | The individual is not
able to reproduce. | | |
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9.
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Bacteria
that grow in the presence of the antibiotic, penicillin, develop holes in their cell walls. Which of
the following explains why penicillin is effective against some bacteria? a. | Water enters the holes
in these bacteria and causes osmotic rupture. | b. | Penicillin causes the
flagella to become inactive. | c. | The pili of the bacteria puncture the
penicillin. | d. | Penicillin produces oxygen, which kills any kind of bacteria.
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10.
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Which of the
following would NOT prevent you from getting strep throat? a. | washing your hands
after blowing your nose | b. | washing your hands after you’ve eaten | c. | washing your hands
before eating | d. | washing your hands after shaking hands with a person infected with the
bacteria | | |
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Diphtheria
is a highly infectious disease of the respiratory tract that most often affects children. The cause
of the disease is an aerobic bacillus that forms V-shaped arrangements. In the early 1900s,
diphtheria was one of the leading causes of death in infants and children in the United States and
many other countries. In the 1940s, infants and children in the United States were regularly
immunized against this disease. In the late 1980s, only two dozen or so cases of diphtheria were
reported in the United States. A toxoid is now given in 2 or 3 doses, about one month apart, to
infants between the ages of three and four months. A booster injection is given about a year later.
Childhood boosters are also given in most cases.
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11.
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There is an
increasing percentage of adults who have contracted diphtheria. What is the most likely cause of this
trend? a. | The respiratory tract
of an adult is less developed than that of a child. | b. | The bacteria are more
responsive to antibiotics. | c. | Childhood boosters may not be enough in preventing the disease.
Boosters for adults may also be necessary. | d. | Until the 1940s, diphtheria was one of the leading causes of death
only in infants and children. | | |
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12.
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The
place where two bones meet is called a joint. To which body system do joints belong? a. | Circulatory
system | c. | Muscular
system | b. | Digestive system | d. | Skeletal system | | | | |
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13.
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Vertebrates use two main body systems to swim, slither, fly, hop, walk, and run. Which
two systems are these? a. | Circulatory and muscular | c. | Respiratory and circulatory | b. | Immune and
skeletal | d. | Muscular and
skeletal | | | | |
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14.
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Using
the art above, room temperature is approximately 20°C. What is room temperature on the Kelvin
scale? a. | -253
K | c. | 68
K | b. | 0
K | d. | 293
K | | | | |
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15.
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Using
the art above, human body temperature is approximately 310 K. What is human body temperature in
C°? a. | 0°C | c. | 37°C | b. | 20°C | d. | 98.6°C | | | | |
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16.
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What
data will a student need to collect to determine the speed of a toy car? a. | distance
only | c. | mass, distance,
time | b. | distance,
time | d. | speed
only | | | | |
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17.
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A
student needs to measure exactly 42.5 mL of an acid. Which of the following pieces of laboratory
equipment would it be best for her to use? a. | 10-mL graduated cylinder | c. | 50-mL beaker | b. | 50-mL graduated
cylinder | d. | 250-mL
flask | | | | |
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18.
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Based on the
fan diagram, approximately how long did the Mesozoic Era last? a. | 299 million
years | c. | 66 million
years | b. | 179 million years | d. | 245 million years | | | | |
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19.
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Which of the
following correctly sequences the events that occur when you are tapped on the
shoulder? a. | You are tapped. The
brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles. Sensory neurons transmit the touch message to the
brain. The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. | b. | You are tapped. Motor
neurons transmit the touch message to the brain. The brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles.
The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. | c. | You are tapped. Sensory
neurons transmit the touch message to the brain. The brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles.
The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. | d. | You are tapped. The
brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles. Motor neurons transmit the touch message to the
brain. The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. | | |
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Percent of Each Base in DNA Samples | Source of Sample | A | G | C | T | Human
liver | 30.3 | 19.5 | 19.9 | 30.3 | Human
thymus | 30.9 | 19.9 | 19.8 | 29.4 | Herring
sperm | 27.8 | 22.2 | 22.6 | 27.5 | Yeast | 31.7 | 18.2 | 17.4 | 32.6 | | | | | |
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20.
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Based on the
art above, which two samples contain about the same percentage of adenine? a. | Human liver and
yeast | c. | Human liver and human
thymus | b. | Human thymus and herring sperm | d. | Yeast and herring sperm | | | | |
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21.
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Over time,
natural selection caused a change in the populations of light-colored and dark moths. Which of the
following most likely occurred as the result of natural selection? a. | All of the moths became
light-colored. | b. | The dark moths increased in number until most of the moths of this
species in the area were dark. | c. | The birds stopped eating the moths and found another food
source. | d. | The moths were unable to reproduce and eventually became
extinct. | | |
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22.
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Which of the
following best describes a pack of wolves? a. | An organism | c. | A community | b. | A population | d. | An ecosystem | | | | |
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23.
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Which term
would NOT describe the plant in the art above? a. | Seed-producing | c. | Spore-releasing | b. | Vascular | d. | Sporophyte | | | | |
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24.
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Which
trophic level represents producers? a. | Level one | c. | Level three | b. | Level two | d. | Level four | | | | |
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25.
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What
are the potential dangers if a chemical from a lab spills on your hand? a. | Your hand could
catch fire. | b. | You will risk being infected with
bacteria. | c. | You could get a chemical burn. | d. | You could cut
your hand. | | |
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