Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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Liquid’s
Measurement Data | Liquid | Mass of cup
(g) | Mass of
liquid and cup (g) | Mass of
liquid only (g) | Volume of
liquid (mL) | Density
(g/mL) | Tap
water | 7 | 106 | 99 | 100 | 0.99 | Salt
water | 6 | 110 | 104 | 100 | 1.04 | Oil
| 6 | 98 | 92 | 100 | 0.92 | | | | | | |
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1.
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Other
than the cup mentioned in the data table, what laboratory equipment would you need to use to perform
this experiment? a. | graduated
cylinder, balance | c. | beaker,
balance | b. | beaker, spring scale | d. | graduated cylinder, spring scale | | | | |
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2.
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Bacteria and
viruses both cause diseases and disorders. Antibiotics are medicines that kill bacteria. Which of the
following statements is NOT true? a. | A cold can be cured with antibiotics. | b. | The best way to get
over a cold is to rest, eat properly, and get plenty of fluids. | c. | Cold viruses can be
inhaled when someone with a cold sneezes while standing close to you. | d. | You can catch a cold by
shaking hands with someone who has a cold and putting your hands near your
mouth. | | |
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3.
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Which of the
following analogies is true? a. | The copy of the DNA is like a blueprint of the RNA
code. | b. | DNA is like workers on an assembly line. | c. | Nucleotides are the
building blocks of nitrogen bases. | d. | The structure of DNA can be compared to a twisted
ladder. | | |
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First Base
in Codon | Second Base in
Codon | Third Base
in
Codon | A | A | G | T | C | | phenylalanine | serine | tyrosine | cysteine | A | phenylalanine | serine | tyrosine | cysteine | G | leucine | serine | stop | stop | T | leucine | serine | stop | tryptophan | C | G | leucine | proline | histidine | arginine | A | leucine | proline | histidine | arginine | G | leucine | proline | glutamine | arginine | T | leucine | proline | glutamine | arginine | C | T | isoleucine | threonine | asparagine | serine | A | isoleucine | threonine | asparagine | serine | G | isoleucine | threonine | lysine | arginine | T | methionine
(start) | threonine | lysine | arginine | C | C | valine | alanine | aspartate | glycine | A | valine | alanine | aspartate | glycine | G | valine | alanine | glutamate | glycine | T | valine | alanine | glutamate | glycine | C | | | | | | |
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4.
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Based on the
table above, what is the second nitrogen base in the codon that represents the amino acid
methionine? a. | thymine | c. | guanine | b. | adenine | d. | cytosine | | | | |
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5.
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Why is DNA
replication important? a. | Replication forms the characteristic structure of a strand of
DNA. | b. | The process changes
messenger RNA into transfer RNA. | c. | A species could not survive and individuals in the species could not
successfully grow and reproduce without DNA replication. | d. | Replication is the
process that results in the formation of amino acids that make up a
protein. | | |
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6.
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What are the
genotypes of a homozygous tall pea plant and a heterozygous tall pea plant? a. | tt,
Tt | c. | Tt,
tt | b. | TT, Tt | d. | Tt, TT | | | | |
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7.
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Which of the
following would be most likely to cause disease? a. | a bacterium whose cell wall has
ruptured | c. | a bacterium with
flagella | b. | a relatively large bacterial cell | d. | a bacterial cell with a capsule | | | | |
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8.
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Which of
following best describes the bacteria shown in B in the diagram? a. | streptococci | c. | diplococci | b. | staphylococci | d. | diplobacilli | | | | |
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Diphtheria
is a highly infectious disease of the respiratory tract that most often affects children. The cause
of the disease is an aerobic bacillus that forms V-shaped arrangements. In the early 1900s,
diphtheria was one of the leading causes of death in infants and children in the United States and
many other countries. In the 1940s, infants and children in the United States were regularly
immunized against this disease. In the late 1980s, only two dozen or so cases of diphtheria were
reported in the United States. A toxoid is now given in 2 or 3 doses, about one month apart, to
infants between the ages of three and four months. A booster injection is given about a year later.
Childhood boosters are also given in most cases.
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9.
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Based on the
statement above, which of the following best describes the bacterium that causes
diphtheria? a. | rod-shaped organism
that needs oxygen | b. | spiral-shaped organism that forms clusters | c. | round cell that affects
the digestive system | d. | grapelike cell that does not use oxygen | | |
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10.
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A
male peacock uses it feathers, which belong to the integumentary system, to attract mates. What other
two systems are used in this courtship behavior? a. | Nervous and endocrine | c. | Respiratory and immune | b. | Skeletal and
circulatory | d. | Muscular and
excretory | | | | |
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The main
function of the four-chambered human heart is to keep blood moving constantly through the body. The
upper chambers of the heart are the atria. The thicker, more muscular, lower two chambers are the
ventricles. Blood enters the heart through the atria and leaves the heart through the ventricles. The
right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the head and body through two large veins called the
venae cavae. The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs through pulmonary veins. After
they receive blood, the atria contract, pushing blood down into the ventricles. Then, both ventricles
contract. When the right ventricle contracts, it pushes the oxygen-poor blood from the right
ventricle out of the heart, toward the lungs, and through the pulmonary arteries. At the same time,
the left ventricle forcefully pushes oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle out of the heart,
through the aorta, and to the arteries.
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11.
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Based
on the information in this passage, which of the following assumptions can be made? a. | The ventricles
do more work than the atria. | b. | The heart is a voluntary muscle. | c. | The flow of
blood throughout the body involves only the circulatory system. | d. | Arteries
contract and stretch to stop and start blood flow, much like bumper-to-bumper traffic on a
highway. | | |
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12.
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Using
the art above, which of the following statements is true? a. | A Celsius degree
is larger than a unit on the Kelvin scale. | b. | A Celsius degree is smaller than a unit on the Kelvin
scale. | c. | A Celsius degree is the same size as a unit on the Kelvin
scale. | d. | Zero on the Celsius scale is the same as zero on the Kelvin
scale. | | |
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13.
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A
student needs to measure exactly 42.5 mL of an acid. Which of the following pieces of laboratory
equipment would it be best for her to use? a. | 10-mL graduated cylinder | c. | 50-mL beaker | b. | 50-mL graduated
cylinder | d. | 250-mL
flask | | | | |
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14.
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The graph
shows the amount of aluminum collected during one week for recycling. Which of the following
statements best describes the data shown?
a. | More aluminum was
collected on Wednesday than Friday. | b. | Twice as much aluminum was collected on Monday than
Friday. | c. | Less aluminum was collected on Monday than
Wednesday. | d. | The most aluminum was collected on Friday. | | |
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15.
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Which of the
following is the larger classification of organisms? a. | Species | c. | Family | b. | Genus | d. | Order | | | | |
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16.
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Periods of
drought (absence of rain) break up a forest into smaller patches of trees. Natural selection results
in tree frog populations evolving distinct gene pools. Groups of frogs can no longer produce fertile
offspring. Which of the following processes occurred in this situation? a. | Extinction | c. | Phylogenetic
classification | b. | Convergent evolution | d. | Geographic isolation | | | | |
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17.
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How does
parasitism differ from predation? a. | No organism is harmed in a parasitic
relationship. | b. | No organism is harmed in a predator-prey
relationship. | c. | Parasitism does not always result in the death of an
organism. | d. | Parasitism does not occur among mammals. | | |
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18.
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Which of the
following food chains correctly shows the path of matter and energy through an
ecosystem? a. | deer · bear ·
grass | c. | seeds · bear ·
chipmunk | b. | grass · deer · bear | d. | chipmunk · seeds ·
deer | | | | |
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19.
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A
manufacturing plant is located on the banks of a river. One day, toxic chemicals from the plant
accidentally spilled into the river. Fish absorbed some of these chemicals into their bodies. Later,
a hawk living near the river is found to have the same toxic chemicals in its system. Which statement
best explains why? a. | The chemicals entered the air. | b. | The chemicals entered
the food chain. | c. | The chemicals were contagious. | d. | The chemicals are
commonly found in the environment. | | |
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20.
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Imagine a
food chain as an electrical outlet with several sockets lined up in a row. What type of organism can
be thought of as a plug that can fit into the food chain at any point? a. | Autotroph | c. | Decomposer | b. | Omnivore | d. | Herbivore | | | | |
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21.
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A dead deer
near a highway would most likely be eaten by which animal? a. | Hawk | c. | Chipmunk | b. | Raccoon | d. | Vulture | | | | |
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22.
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What plant
part is labeled B? a. | Roots | c. | Leaves | b. | Flower | d. | Stem | | | | |
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23.
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During which
stage in a plant’s life cycle would you expect all cells to contain one of each kind of
chromosome? a. | The alternating
stage | c. | The sporophyte
generation | b. | The gametophyte generation | d. | The diploid stage | | | | |
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24.
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Which of the
following is NOT a characteristic shared by green algae and plants? a. | Cell walls with
cellulose | c. | Chlorophyll | b. | Root systems | d. | Stored food | | | | |
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25.
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What
distinguishes producers from other organisms? a. | They consume a variety of foods. | c. | They photosynthesize. | b. | They feed at different
trophic levels. | d. | They are
abiotic. | | | | |
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