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Biology TAKS Review

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

1. 
What is a multimedia presentation?
a.
A way to communicate scientific results
c.
A revised hypothesis
b.
A type of graph
d.
An idea that represents an event or object
 

2. 
What happens after ribosomes pass into the cytoplasm?
a.
They pass through the nuclear envelope.
b.
They attach to rough areas of endoplasmic reticulum.
c.
They copy DNA.
d.
They sort and distribute proteins to cell organelles.
 
 
biotaks16_files/i0040000.jpg
 

3. 
What is the process in the art called?
a.
Protein synthesis
c.
Energy production
b.
Selective permeability
d.
Protein transport
 
 
biotaks16_files/i0060000.jpg
 

4. 
How much liquid is in the cylinder shown in the figure?
a.
78 mL
c.
80 mL
b.
79 mL
d.
81 mL
 

5. 
Which of the following is NOT necessarily an inherited human trait?
a.
skin color
c.
musical talent
b.
earlobes that are attached to the head
d.
the ability to curl the tongue
 

6. 
In order to replicate, DNA molecules separate at which of the following parts?
a.
sugars
c.
phosphate groups
b.
nitrogen bases
d.
ends
 

7. 
Both parents carry a single defective gene. What are the chances of each child inheriting the disorder caused by the gene?
a.
2 percent
c.
50 percent
b.
25 percent
d.
100 percent
 

8. 
What are the chances of being a carrier of a defective gene if both parents are carriers?
a.
2 percent
c.
50 percent
b.
25 percent
d.
100 percent
 
 
Huntington’s disease is a lethal genetic disorder caused by a dominant gene. The nervous system of a person with Huntington’s disease undergoes progressive degeneration, which results in uncontrolled, jerky movements of the head and limbs and eventual mental deterioration. The onset of this disease usually occurs between the ages of 30 and 50. Each child of a parent affected with Huntington’s disease has a 50 percent chance of being affected and a 50 percent chance of passing the defective gene on to his or her own child. Currently, no effective treatment exists for this disease.
The diagram below is a typical pedigree for Huntington’s disease. A pedigree is a graphic representation that shows patterns of inheritance. The circles represent females; the squares represent males. Shaded shapes indicate affected individuals. Mating occurred between individuals connected by short, horizontal lines.
biotaks16_files/i0120000.jpg
 

9. 
Based on the statement and the art above, why can Huntington’s disease be passed unknowingly to future generations?
a.
Only one parent must be a carrier in order for the gene to be inherited.
b.
The onset of the disease often occurs after a carrier has had children.
c.
It is a lethal disease.
d.
It affects the central nervous system.
 

10. 
What are the genotypes of a homozygous tall pea plant and a heterozygous tall pea plant?
a.
tt, Tt
c.
Tt, tt
b.
TT, Tt
d.
Tt, TT
 

11. 
If two heterozygous animals for a single dominant trait mate, what is the ratio of their young?
a.
3:1
c.
9:3:3:1
b.
1:2:1
d.
1:6:9:1
 
 
biotaks16_files/i0160000.jpg
 

12. 
Using the art above, what is the phenotype of each parent?
a.
both dominant
c.
one dominant and one recessive
b.
both recessive
d.
unable to tell from the square
 

13. 
The place where two bones meet is called a joint. To which body system do joints belong?
a.
Circulatory system
c.
Muscular system
b.
Digestive system
d.
Skeletal system
 

14. 
Which of these systems would best protect you from getting a cold?
a.
Digestive system
c.
Excretory system
b.
Circulatory system
d.
Immune system
 

15. 
What is plotted on the x-axis of a line graph?
a.
independent variables
c.
controls
b.
dependent variables
d.
comparisons
 
 
biotaks16_files/i0210000.jpg
 

16. 
Based on the fan diagram, which type of organism evolved first?
a.
Protists
c.
Mammals
b.
Ferns
d.
Mollusks
 

17. 
Which systems are involved in breathing?
a.
Respiratory, circulatory, nervous
c.
Excretory, muscular, digestive
b.
Skeletal, muscular, respiratory
d.
Nervous, skeletal, integumentary
 

18. 
How does camouflage aid in the evolutionary process?
a.
Camouflage enables an organism to copy the appearance of another species.
b.
This anatomical adaptation helps an organism mutate.
c.
Organisms that are well camouflaged are more likely to escape predators and survive to reproduce.
d.
The ability to camouflage is lost during embryonic development.
 
 
Percent of Each Base in DNA Samples
Source of Sample
A
G
C
T
Human liver
30.3
19.5
19.9
30.3
Human thymus
30.9
19.9
19.8
29.4
Herring sperm
27.8
22.2
22.6
27.5
Yeast
31.7
18.2
17.4
32.6
 

19. 
Based on the art above, which two samples contain about the same percentage of adenine?
a.
Human liver and yeast
c.
Human liver and human thymus
b.
Human thymus and herring sperm
d.
Yeast and herring sperm
 

20. 
Which of the following best describes a pack of wolves?
a.
An organism
c.
A community
b.
A population
d.
An ecosystem
 
 
biotaks16_files/i0280000.jpg
 

21. 
Which trophic level would organism Y feed at?
a.
First
c.
Third
b.
Second
d.
Fourth
 

22. 
A dead deer near a highway would most likely be eaten by which animal?
a.
Hawk
c.
Chipmunk
b.
Raccoon
d.
Vulture
 
 
biotaks16_files/i0310000.jpg
 

23. 
What plant part is labeled B?
a.
Roots
c.
Leaves
b.
Flower
d.
Stem
 
 
biotaks16_files/i0330000.jpg
 

24. 
What is the function of the plant structure shown in the diagram?
a.
To obtain nutrients
c.
To conserve water
b.
To protect the embryo
d.
To trap sunlight
 

25. 
You are in the rain forest studying the diet of tropical tree frogs. Which is inappropriate for you to do?
a.
Keep out of sight.
c.
Record all your data and observations.
b.
Feed the frogs part of your food.
d.
Reduce bias in the experiment.
 



 
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