Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which
organelle is most like a miniature stomach? a. | Vacuole | c. | Chloroplast | b. | Golgi apparatus | d. | Lysosome | | | | |
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2.
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Which cell
part oversees the process taking place in the art? a. | Vesicle | c. | Plasma
membrane | b. | Endoplasmic reticulum | d. | Chromatin | | | | |
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3.
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The National
Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) has a command center in Houston, Texas, that directs space
missions. Which part of a cell is analogous to this command center? a. | Plasma
membrane | c. | Mitochondria | b. | Nucleus | d. | Vacuole | | | | |
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Liquid’s
Measurement Data | Liquid | Mass of cup
(g) | Mass of
liquid and cup (g) | Mass of
liquid only (g) | Volume of
liquid (mL) | Density
(g/mL) | Tap
water | 7 | 106 | 99 | 100 | 0.99 | Salt
water | 6 | 110 | 104 | 100 | 1.04 | Oil
| 6 | 98 | 92 | 100 | 0.92 | | | | | | |
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4.
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Which
of the following hypotheses is supported by the data in the table? a. | Density can be
determined from the mass of the cup and liquid and the volume. | b. | Oil will float
on tap water, and tap water will float on salt water. | c. | Salt water is
less dense than either tap water or oil. | d. | The greater the volume of a liquid, the greater its
density. | | |
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5.
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Which of the
following pairs of terms are NOT closely related? a. | RNA-DNA | c. | carbon-codons | b. | proteins-amino
acids | d. | genes-chromosomes | | | | |
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6.
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What kind of
molecule is shown? a. | replicated DNA | c. | transfer RNA | b. | messenger
RNA | d. | transfer
DNA | | | | |
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7.
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Which of the
following is most likely to occur among people with the genetic disorder cystic
fibrosis? a. | impaired
circulation | c. | blindness | b. | frequent lung infections | d. | obesity | | | | |
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8.
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Why does a
person with only one copy of a defective gene often not get the disorder associated with the
gene? a. | Neither parent was a
carrier of the gene. | b. | Both parents were carriers. | c. | This individual is
protected by the presence of a normal gene. | d. | The individual is not
able to reproduce. | | |
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9.
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Why are
mutations important? a. | They are always passed on to future
generations. | b. | They are often random events. | c. | They only occur in sex
cells. | d. | Variation that results from mutations is fundamental to the evolution
of a species. | | |
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10.
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Using the
art above, what is the genotype of each parent? a. | WW; Ww | c. | Ww; Ww | b. | Ww;
ww | d. | WW;
WW | | | | |
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11.
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A purebred
animal with brown fur is crossed with a purebred animal with tan fur. The offspring has both tan and
brown fur. What type of inheritance pattern is involved? a. | incomplete
dominance | c. | codominance | b. | polygenic inheritance | d. | simple inheritance | | | | |
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12.
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A
student needs to measure exactly 42.5 mL of an acid. Which of the following pieces of laboratory
equipment would it be best for her to use? a. | 10-mL graduated cylinder | c. | 50-mL beaker | b. | 50-mL graduated
cylinder | d. | 250-mL
flask | | | | |
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13.
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Which type
of graph is shown here?
a. | line
graph | c. | bar
graph | b. | circle graph | d. | pie graph | | | | |
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14.
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Nitrogen
makes up 78 percent of Earth’s atmosphere. Suppose you wanted to make a circle graph of the
gases in Earth’s atmosphere. How large of a section, in degrees, would nitrogen take
up? a. | 360° | c. | 78° | b. | 280.8° | d. | 100° | | | | |
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Group | Domestic Cat | Leopard | Deer | Kingdom | Animalia | Animalia | Animalia | Phylum | Chordata | Chordata | Chordata | Class | Mammalia | Mammalia | Mammalia | Order | Carnivora | Carnivora | Artiodactyla | Family | Felidae | Felidae | Cervidae | Genus | Felis | Panthera | Odocoileus | Species | Felis cattus | Panthera
pardus | Odocoileus virginianus | | | | |
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15.
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Based on the
table above, what is the binomial of a leopard? a. | Mammalia | c. | Panthera pardus | b. | Felidae | d. | Chordata | | | | |
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16.
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Which of the
following would NOT be used to classify an organism? a. | Biochemical
analysis | c. | The behavior of the
organism | b. | The structure of the organism | d. | The population of similar species | | | | |
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17.
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Which of the
following correctly sequences the events that occur when you are tapped on the
shoulder? a. | You are tapped. The
brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles. Sensory neurons transmit the touch message to the
brain. The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. | b. | You are tapped. Motor
neurons transmit the touch message to the brain. The brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles.
The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. | c. | You are tapped. Sensory
neurons transmit the touch message to the brain. The brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles.
The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. | d. | You are tapped. The
brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles. Motor neurons transmit the touch message to the
brain. The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. | | |
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Percent of Each Base in DNA Samples | Source of Sample | A | G | C | T | Human
liver | 30.3 | 19.5 | 19.9 | 30.3 | Human
thymus | 30.9 | 19.9 | 19.8 | 29.4 | Herring
sperm | 27.8 | 22.2 | 22.6 | 27.5 | Yeast | 31.7 | 18.2 | 17.4 | 32.6 | | | | | |
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18.
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Based on the
art above, which of the following best describes the relationship between the amounts of bases in the
herring sperm and the yeast? a. | The amounts of all of the bases are nearly the
same. | b. | Only the amounts of guanine and cytosine are nearly the
same. | c. | The amounts of the bases vary because herring are closely related to
yeast. | d. | The amounts are different because herring and yeast are different
species. | | |
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19.
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According to
the diagram, what is the common ancestor of the modern elephant? a. | Loxodonta
africana | c. | Elephas
maximus | b. | Mammuthus primigenius | d. | Primelephas | | | | |
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20.
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According to
the diagram, what kind of evolutionary pattern is shown by elephants? a. | Gradualism | c. | Punctuated
equilibrium | b. | Convergent evolution | d. | Geographic isolation | | | | |
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21.
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Which
organism is a first-order consumer?
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22.
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A
manufacturing plant is located on the banks of a river. One day, toxic chemicals from the plant
accidentally spilled into the river. Fish absorbed some of these chemicals into their bodies. Later,
a hawk living near the river is found to have the same toxic chemicals in its system. Which statement
best explains why? a. | The chemicals entered the air. | b. | The chemicals entered
the food chain. | c. | The chemicals were contagious. | d. | The chemicals are
commonly found in the environment. | | |
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23.
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Based on
what you’ve learned about the cycling of materials through ecosystems, predict which material
would most likely be added to a chemical fertilizer to increase soil productivity.
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24.
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Which
trophic level represents producers? a. | Level one | c. | Level three | b. | Level two | d. | Level four | | | | |
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25.
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Which
is the correct way to hold a test tube while heating its contents? a. | Pointing
straight up | c. | Pointing away
from yourself and others | b. | Pointing horizontally | d. | Pointing straight at yourself | | | | |
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