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Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
A B C D	1.	What is the cell part labeled A? a. mitochondrion c. chloroplast b. Golgi apparatus d. vacuole
A B C D	2.	The World Health Organization eradicated smallpox in the late 1970s. Which of the following is one of the main reasons this feat was accomplished? a. The smallpox virus only infects humans. b. The virus is inhaled or enters the body through the skin. c. The virus can survive for long periods outside its human host. d. The disease killed millions of people.
A B C D	3.	Which of the following pairs of terms are NOT related? a. AIDS—immune system c. warts—respiratory system b. colds—respiratory system d. influenza—respiratory system
A B C D	4.	Which of the following pairs of terms are NOT closely related? a. RNA-DNA c. carbon-codons b. proteins-amino acids d. genes-chromosomes
		First Base in Codon Second Base in Codon Third Base in Codon A A G T C   phenylalanine serine tyrosine cysteine A phenylalanine serine tyrosine cysteine G leucine serine stop stop T leucine serine stop tryptophan C G leucine proline histidine arginine A leucine proline histidine arginine G leucine proline glutamine arginine T leucine proline glutamine arginine C T isoleucine threonine asparagine serine A isoleucine threonine asparagine serine G isoleucine threonine lysine arginine T methionine (start) threonine lysine arginine C C valine alanine aspartate glycine A valine alanine aspartate glycine G valine alanine glutamate glycine T valine alanine glutamate glycine C
A B C D	5.	Based on the table above, which of the following codons does NOT code for leucine? a. GAA c. AAT b. GAC d. GGT
A B C D	6.	Which of the following statements is true? a. The nitrogen bases that make up the DNA nucleotides of plants are much different from the bases found in animals. b. The more closely related two organisms are, the more alike the order of their DNA nucleotides. c. Changes in genes do not affect any of the traits of an individual. d. A given sequence of bases can result in a number of different amino acids.
A B C D	7.	Why is an mRNA molecule important to the cell? a. It is the genetic information of the cell. b. This complementary copy of genetic information can leave the nucleus while the master copy stays within the nucleus. c. A molecule of mRNA contains uracil rather than thymine. d. It brings amino acids to the ribosomes so that they can be assembled into proteins.
A B C D	8.	Which of the following pairs of codons make up the section of DNA with bases in the order: GATCCT? a. CUA and GGA c. GAT and CCT b. CAT and GGC d. AGU and UUC
		Huntington’s disease is a lethal genetic disorder caused by a dominant gene. The nervous system of a person with Huntington’s disease undergoes progressive degeneration, which results in uncontrolled, jerky movements of the head and limbs and eventual mental deterioration. The onset of this disease usually occurs between the ages of 30 and 50. Each child of a parent affected with Huntington’s disease has a 50 percent chance of being affected and a 50 percent chance of passing the defective gene on to his or her own child. Currently, no effective treatment exists for this disease. The diagram below is a typical pedigree for Huntington’s disease. A pedigree is a graphic representation that shows patterns of inheritance. The circles represent females; the squares represent males. Shaded shapes indicate affected individuals. Mating occurred between individuals connected by short, horizontal lines.
A B C D	9.	Which of the following statements best summarizes the information in the diagram? a. The female in the first generation was the carrier of the gene. b. The trait is found in every generation and is equally distributed among males and females. c. The trait is more common in females than in the males of the family. d. Females in the second generation were not affected by the disease and thus, were unable to pass it on to their children.
A B C D	10.	With two alleles for a trait, there are four boxes in the Punnett square. How many boxes would there be in a Punnett square if two traits were being studied? a. 4 c. 12 b. 8 d. 16
A B C D	11.	Vertebrates use two main body systems to swim, slither, fly, hop, walk, and run. Which two systems are these? a. Circulatory and muscular c. Respiratory and circulatory b. Immune and skeletal d. Muscular and skeletal
A B C D	12.	Which of the following, correctly sequences organisms with the most complex nervous systems to the least complex? a. Humans, birds, worms, cnidarians c. Worms, cnidarians, reptiles, mammals b. Amphibians, insects, mammals, sponges d. Mammals, cnidarians, worms, sponges
A B C D	13.	A student measured the length of a piece of string that was 64.34 cm long. Her measurements were 67.02 cm, 67.07 cm, 67.05 cm, and 67.04 cm. Which of the following statements is true? a. The measurements were accurate but not precise. b. The measurements were precise but not accurate. c. The measurements were both precise and accurate. d. The measurements were neither accurate nor precise.
A B C D	14.	What is the mass of the object being measured in the figure? a. 39.100 g c. 111.39 g b. 100.39 g d. 139 g
A B C D	15.	An organism lacks a true nucleus and lives in a hot sulfur spring. What kingdom does it belong to? a. Eubacteria c. Protista b. Archaebacteria d. Fungi
		Group Domestic Cat Leopard Deer Kingdom Animalia Animalia Animalia Phylum Chordata Chordata Chordata Class Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Order Carnivora Carnivora Artiodactyla Family Felidae Felidae Cervidae Genus Felis Panthera Odocoileus Species Felis cattus Panthera pardus Odocoileus virginianus
A B C D	16.	Based on the table above, what is the binomial of a leopard? a. Mammalia c. Panthera pardus b. Felidae d. Chordata
A B C D	17.	Which of the following correctly sequences the events that occur when you are tapped on the shoulder? a. You are tapped. The brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles. Sensory neurons transmit the touch message to the brain. The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. b. You are tapped. Motor neurons transmit the touch message to the brain. The brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles. The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. c. You are tapped. Sensory neurons transmit the touch message to the brain. The brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles. The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn. d. You are tapped. The brain sends a response to the shoulder muscles. Motor neurons transmit the touch message to the brain. The shoulder muscles move and cause your head to turn.
A B C D	18.	Which of the following is an example of homeostasis? a. Moving from one place to another c. Sweating while exercising b. Breaking a bone d. Tapping a person on the shoulder
A B C D	19.	Which subsystem of the nervous system is involved in the response shown in the diagram? a. Somatic system c. Parasympathetic system b. Sympathetic system d. Autonomic system
A B C D	20.	Periods of drought (absence of rain) break up a forest into smaller patches of trees. Natural selection results in tree frog populations evolving distinct gene pools. Groups of frogs can no longer produce fertile offspring. Which of the following processes occurred in this situation? a. Extinction c. Phylogenetic classification b. Convergent evolution d. Geographic isolation
A B C D	21.	Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to natural selection? a. Overproduction of offspring b. Inheritance of unfavorable variations c. Inheritance of favorable variations d. Survival and reproduction of individuals with favorable variations
A B C D	22.	According to the diagram, which of the following is true of the evolutionary pattern shown in elephants? a. It results in extinction of all of the descendents of the common ancestor. b. It occurs relatively rapidly and causes a rapid evolution of the gene pool of the species. c. It results in polyploid individuals that cannot reproduce. d. It proceeds at a very slow, but steady rate as small adaptive changes accumulate in populations over time.
A B C D	23.	Which of the following best describes a pack of wolves? a. An organism c. A community b. A population d. An ecosystem
A B C D	24.	What plant part is labeled B? a. Roots c. Leaves b. Flower d. Stem
A B C D	25.	You are performing a lab that involves a mouse. In your lab, you see the safety symbol of a mouse, indicating a biological specimen will be used. Who does this precaution protect? a. You and the mouse c. The mouse only b. You only d. Your instructor