Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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A
functioning aquarium displays a. | a community. | c. | an ecosystem. | b. | a
habitat. | d. | All of the
above | | | | |
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2.
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Ecology is the study of the interaction of living organisms a. | with one another
and their biotic factors. | b. | and their communities. | c. | with one another
and their physical environment. | d. | and the food they eat. | | |
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3.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The process shown in the diagram is known as a. | competitive
exclusion. | c. | symbiosis. | b. | succession. | d. | oligotrophy. | | | | |
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4.
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Which
of the following types of succession would most likely occur following a forest
fire? a. | primary
succession | c. | secondary
succession | b. | old field succession | d. | lake succession | | | | |
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5.
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Secondary succession occurs a. | as one generation of organisms replaces the previous
one. | b. | as a previously
existing community is replaced. | c. | after a new food web is established. | d. | None of the
above | | |
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6.
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primary succession : areas of no previous plant growth :: a. | new habitat : a
climax community | b. | rain forest : a desert | c. | tundra : a
desert | d. | secondary succession : abandoned farm
fields | | |
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7.
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When
an organism dies, the nutrients in its body a. | can never be reused by other living
things. | b. | are immediately released into the
atmosphere. | c. | are released by the action of
decomposers. | d. | None of the above | | |
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8.
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Fungi
are a. | decomposers. | c. | omnivores. | b. | scavengers. | d. | autotrophs. | | | | |
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9.
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Organisms that manufacture organic nutrients for an ecosystem are
called a. | primary
consumers. | c. | primary
producers. | b. | predators. | d. | scavengers. | | | | |
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10.
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cows
: herbivores :: a. | horses :
carnivores | c. | algae :
consumers | b. | plants : producers | d. | caterpillars : producers | | | | |
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11.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The photosynthetic algae are a. | producers. | c. | parasites. | b. | consumers. | d. | decomposers. | | | | |
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12.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Leopard seals are a. | producers. | c. | herbivores. | b. | omnivores. | d. | carnivores. | | | | |
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13.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Level A is composed of a. | carnivores. | c. | producers. | b. | herbivores. | d. | omnivores. | | | | |
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14.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The diagram shows a(n) a. | food chain. | c. | food web. | b. | community. | d. | energy
pyramid. | | | | |
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15.
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Refer
to the illustration above. How much energy is available to the organisms in level C? a. | all of the
energy in level A plus the energy in level B | b. | all of the
energy in level A minus the energy in level B | c. | 10 percent of
the energy in level B | d. | 90 percent of the energy in level B | | |
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16.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The diagram represents the decrease in a. | the number of
organisms between lower and higher trophic levels. | b. | available energy
between lower and higher trophic levels. | c. | diversity of organisms between lower and higher
levels. | d. | All of the above | | |
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17.
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Food
webs are more commonplace than food chains because a. | many animals
that comprise the links in a food chain are migratory. | b. | organisms almost
always eat, and are eaten by, many different organisms. | c. | over time, food
chains always become food webs. | d. | None of the above | | |
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18.
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The
number of trophic levels in an ecological pyramid a. | is limitless. | b. | is limited by
the amount of energy that is lost at each trophic level. | c. | never exceeds
four. | d. | never exceeds three. | | |
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19.
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The
total dry weight of the organisms in an ecosystem is called a. | trophic
level. | c. | energy
level. | b. | biomass. | d. | ecomass. | | | | |
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20.
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Because energy diminishes at each successive trophic level, few ecosystems can contain
more than a. | two trophic
levels. | c. | five trophic
levels. | b. | four trophic levels. | d. | eight trophic levels. | | | | |
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21.
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Refer
to the illustration above. At each trophic level, the energy stored in the organisms in that level
is a. | about one-tenth
of the energy in the level below it. | b. | about one-tenth of the energy in the level above
it. | c. | 50 percent of
the energy in the level below it. | d. | 100 percent of the energy in the level below
it. | | |
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22.
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Coal,
oil, and natural gas a. | are formed from decayed plants. | b. | are fossil
fuels. | c. | release carbon dioxide when they are
burned. | d. | All of the above | | |
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23.
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Which
of the following is part of the nitrogen cycle? a. | conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into usable organic
compounds by bacteria | b. | conversion of nitrogen from decaying organisms into
ammonia | c. | nitrogen fixation | d. | All of the
above | | |
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24.
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ammonification : ammonia :: a. | denitrification : nitrogen gas | c. | nitrification : ammonia | b. | oil :
gasoline | d. | nitrification :
oxygen | | | | |
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25.
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Which
of the following is common to the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the water
cycle? a. | The substance is
rearranged into different types of molecules as it moves through its cycle. | b. | The substance
must pass through organisms in order to complete its cycle. | c. | The largest
reserves of the substance are always in organisms. | d. | The substance is
required by all living things and is involved in many processes that occur in all living
things. | | |
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