Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Mutations occur because of _____. a. | change in allele or genotype
frequencies | b. | the introduction of new variations from
elsewhere | c. | the chance survival and reproduction of new
variations | d. | the introduction of new variations through mistakes in DNA
replication | | |
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2.
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The
theory of continental drift hypothesizes that Africa and South America slowly drifted apart after
once being a single landmass. The monkeys on the two continents, although similar, show numerous
genetic differences. Which factor is probably the most important in maintaining these
differences? a. | fossil
records | c. | comparative
embryology | b. | geographic isolation | d. | comparative anatomy | | | | |
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3.
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The
flying squirrel of North America closely resembles the flying phalanger of Australia. They are
similar in size and have long, bushy tails and skin folds that allow them to glide through the air.
The squirrel is a placental mammal, while the phalanger is a marsupial. These close resemblances,
even though genetically and geographically separated by great distances, can best be explained by
_____. a. | vestigial
structures | c. | spontaneous
generation | b. | divergent evolution | d. | convergent evolution | | | | |
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4.
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A
pattern of evolution that results when two unrelated species begin to appear similar because of
environmental conditions is _____. a. | disruptive selection | c. | divergent evolution | b. | convergent
evolution | d. | directional
selection | | | | |
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5.
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A
mechanism of Darwin's proposed theory is _____. a. | variation | c. | evolution | b. | artificial
selection | d. | all of
these | | | | |
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6.
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_____
selection favors one extreme form of a trait in a population. a. | Stabilizing | c. | Disruptive | b. | Directional | d. | Natural | | | | |
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7.
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Which
of the following is not a factor that causes changes in the frequency of homozygous and
heterozygous individuals in a population? a. | mutations | c. | genetic drift | b. | migration | d. | random
mating | | | | |
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8.
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Upon
close examination of the skeleton of an adult python, a pelvic girdle and leg bones can be observed.
These features are an example of _____. a. | artificial selection | c. | vestigial structures | b. | comparative
embryology | d. | homologous
structures | | | | |
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9.
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The
variations needed for the origin of structural and physiological adaptations to occur are provided by
_____. a. | mimicry | c. | gradual
changes | b. | mutations | d. | punctuated changes | | | | |
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10.
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Which
answer BEST shows an animal's adaptation to the tropical rain forest? a. | camouflage in a
tree frog | c. | the long neck of
a giraffe | b. | an elephant's long trunk | d. | migration of birds in winter | | | | |
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