Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The
condition in which a zygote contains three copies of a particular chromosome as a result of
nondisjunction is called _____. a. | monoploidy | c. | polyploidy | b. | trisomy | d. | monosomy | | | | |
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Table 13-1
| Help
Wanted | Positions
Available in the genetics industry. Hundreds of entry-level openings for tireless workers. No
previous experience necessary. Must be able to transcribe code in a nuclear environment. The
ability to work in close association with ribosomes is a must. | Accuracy and Speed vital for this job in the field of translation. Applicants
must demonstrate skills in transporting and positioning amino acids. Salary commensurate with
experience. | Executive
Position available. Must be able to maintain genetic continuity through replication and control
cellular activity by regulation of enzyme production. Limited number of openings. All
benefits. | Supervisor of production of proteins--all
shifts. Must be able to follow exact directions from double-stranded template. Travel from nucleus to
the cytoplasm is additional job benefit. | |
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2.
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Applicants for the first job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 13-1, "Positions
Available," could qualify if they were _____.
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3.
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Applicants for the fourth job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 13-1,
"Supervisor," could qualify if they were _____.
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4.
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Applicants for the third job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 13-1, "Executive
Position," could qualify if they were _____.
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5.
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What
is the name of the condition in which the zygote contains only one chromosome of a pair as a result
of nondisjunction? a. | trisomy | c. | monoploidy | b. | monosomy | d. | polyploidy | | | | |
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6.
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Triploidy is usually _____ in animals. a. | planned | c. | beneficial | b. | normal | d. | rare | | | | |
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7.
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The
process illustrated in Figure 13-2 is called _____. a. | translation | c. | monoploidy | b. | replication | d. | transcription | | | | |
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8.
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Where
in the cell of Figure 13-2 does translation occur? a. | in the
nucleus | c. | in food
vacuoles | b. | within the plasma membrane | d. | at the ribosomes | | | | |
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9.
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The
hereditary information for a particular trait is generally _____. a. | carried from the
nucleus by tRNA to the gamete | b. | controlled by alleles located on
chromosomes | c. | controlled by chromosomes located on an
allele | d. | coded for by a ribosome located on the
reticulum | | |
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10.
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_____
is a chromosome rearrangement that results in no loss of genetic information from the
chromosome. a. | Translocation | c. | Nondisjunction | b. | Inversion | d. | Deletion | | | | |
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11.
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The
pairing of _____ in DNA is the key feature that allows DNA to be copied. a. | chromosomes | c. | nucleotides | b. | codons | d. | nitrogen bases | | | | |
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12.
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A DNA
nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group, along with _____. a. | deoxyribose
sugar and thymine | c. | ribose sugar and
adenine | b. | ribose sugar and cytosine | d. | deoxyribose sugar and uracil | | | | |
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13.
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The
diagram labeled Insect A in Figure 13-3 represents the chromosomes taken from the body cell of a
normal female insect. The diagram labeled Insect B represents those taken from the body cell of a
female of the same species but with an abnormal phenotype. The chromosomal alteration seen in Insect
B could have resulted from _____. a. | crossing over | c. | a frameshift mutation | b. | nondisjunction | d. | a point
mutation | | | | |
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14.
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An
RNA molecule is a polymer composed of subunits known as _____. a. | nucleotides | c. | ribose
molecules | b. | uracil molecules | d. | polysaccharides | | | | |
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15.
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X
rays, ultraviolet light, and radioactive substances that can change the chemical nature of DNA are
classified as _____. a. | hydrolytic enzymes | c. | growth regulators | b. | metamorphic
molecules | d. | mutagenic
agents | | | | |
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