Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The
condition in which a zygote contains three copies of a particular chromosome as a result of
nondisjunction is called _____. a. | monoploidy | c. | monosomy | b. | trisomy | d. | polyploidy | | | | |
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2.
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Which
of the structures in Figure 13-2 are composed of RNA? a. | III and
IV | c. | I and
V | b. | III and
V | d. | II and
IV | | | | |
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3.
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The
process illustrated in Figure 13-2 is called _____. a. | translation | c. | replication | b. | transcription | d. | monoploidy | | | | |
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4.
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Structure III in Figure 13-2 represents a(n) _____. a. | codon | c. | DNA
molecule | b. | amino acid | d. | gene | | | | |
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5.
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The
pairing of _____ in DNA is the key feature that allows DNA to be copied. a. | codons | c. | nucleotides | b. | nitrogen bases | d. | chromosomes | | | | |
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6.
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Which
series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size? a. | nucleotide,
chromosome, cell, DNA, nucleus | b. | cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA,
nucleotide | c. | cell, nucleotide, nucleus, DNA,
chromosome | d. | chromosome, nucleus, cell, DNA,
nucleotide | | |
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7.
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Triploidy is usually _____ in animals. a. | rare | c. | planned | b. | beneficial | d. | normal | | | | |
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8.
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The
chromosome abnormality that occurs when part of one chromosome breaks off and is added to a different
chromosome is _____. a. | inversion | c. | nondisjunction | b. | deletion | d. | translocation | | | | |
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9.
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The
diagram labeled Insect A in Figure 13-3 represents the chromosomes taken from the body cell of a
normal female insect. The diagram labeled Insect B represents those taken from the body cell of a
female of the same species but with an abnormal phenotype. The chromosomal alteration seen in Insect
B could have resulted from _____. a. | a point mutation | c. | a frameshift mutation | b. | crossing
over | d. | nondisjunction | | | | |
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10.
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The
process by which a DNA molecule is copied is called _____. a. | replication | c. | translation | b. | binary fission | d. | mitosis | | | | |
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Table 13-1
| Help
Wanted | Positions
Available in the genetics industry. Hundreds of entry-level openings for tireless workers. No
previous experience necessary. Must be able to transcribe code in a nuclear environment. The
ability to work in close association with ribosomes is a must. | Accuracy and Speed vital for this job in the field of translation. Applicants
must demonstrate skills in transporting and positioning amino acids. Salary commensurate with
experience. | Executive
Position available. Must be able to maintain genetic continuity through replication and control
cellular activity by regulation of enzyme production. Limited number of openings. All
benefits. | Supervisor of production of proteins--all
shifts. Must be able to follow exact directions from double-stranded template. Travel from nucleus to
the cytoplasm is additional job benefit. | |
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11.
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Applicants for the fourth job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 13-1,
"Supervisor," could qualify if they were _____.
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12.
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Applicants for the second job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 13-1, "Accuracy and
Speed," could qualify if they were _____.
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13.
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Applicants for the first job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 13-1, "Positions
Available," could qualify if they were _____.
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14.
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_____
is a chromosome rearrangement that results in no loss of genetic information from the
chromosome. a. | Translocation | c. | Inversion | b. | Nondisjunction | d. | Deletion | | | | |
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15.
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The
hereditary information for a particular trait is generally _____. a. | carried from the
nucleus by tRNA to the gamete | b. | controlled by chromosomes located on an
allele | c. | coded for by a ribosome located on the
reticulum | d. | controlled by alleles located on
chromosomes | | |
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