Bio10B-4: Interrelationships of organ systems - The nervous system (Ch. 41 - HO
Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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“Antennae” that extend from a neuron and that receive information from other
cells are called a. | axons. | c. | synapses. | b. | cell bodies. | d. | dendrites. | | | | |
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2.
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Nodes
of Ranvier a. | strengthen
axons. | c. | occur in
malfunctioning axons. | b. | slow nerve impulses. | d. | are gaps in the myelin sheath. | | | | |
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3.
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The
myelin sheath a. | transmits
impulses from one neuron to another. | b. | insulates synapses. | c. | nourishes
neurons. | d. | insulates axons. | | |
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4.
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unmyelinated axon : slow nerve impulses :: a. | neuron : being
composed of many axons | b. | nerve impulse : not traveling through
axons | c. | myelinated axon : fast nerve impulses | d. | dendrite :
sending information | | |
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5.
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synapse : two neurons :: a. | neuron : two cell bodies | c. | synapse : cell body and axon | b. | cell body : two
axons | d. | axon : cell body
and synapse | | | | |
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6.
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After
an action potential, the sodium-potassium pump helps a. | rebuild axon
fibers. | c. | cause a
stimulus. | b. | restore the resting potential. | d. | All of the above | | | | |
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7.
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When
an impulse moves down the axon, a. | sodium ions first rush out of the
cell. | b. | a small part of the axon momentarily reverses its
polarity. | c. | the resting potential of the cell does not
change. | d. | potassium ions are pumped into the
axon. | | |
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8.
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Neurotransmitters are a. | electrical impulses. | b. | found only in
neurons with myelin sheaths. | c. | released at synapses. | d. | produced by
muscles. | | |
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9.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Label B indicates a a. | neurotransmitter molecule. | c. | receptor protein. | b. | neuromodulator
molecule. | d. | drug
molecule. | | | | |
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10.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Which labeled object in the diagram would be responsible for removing
neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft?
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11.
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The
central nervous system consists of a. | the brain and spinal cord. | c. | the spinal cord only. | b. | spinal nerves
only. | d. | the brain
only. | | | | |
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12.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Structure B in the diagram is the a. | spinal
cord. | c. | cerebellum. | b. | brain stem. | d. | cerebrum. | | | | |
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13.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Hunger and thirst are regulated by structure
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14.
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Sensory neurons transmit messages a. | from the central nervous system to a muscle or
gland. | b. | from the brain to the spinal cord. | c. | to the spinal
cord or brain. | d. | All of the above | | |
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15.
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Which
of these is not a lobe of the brain? a. | occipital | c. | auditory | b. | parietal | d. | temporal | | | | |
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16.
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How
many lobes are there in the brain?
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17.
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The
layer of photoreceptors and neurons at the back of the eye is called the a. | retina. | c. | iris. | b. | cochlea. | d. | optic nerve. | | | | |
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18.
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Dim-light vision is detected by the a. | cones. | c. | cornea. | b. | lens. | d. | rods. | | | | |
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19.
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Hair
cells in the semicircular canals detect a. | motion of the head. | c. | light. | b. | loudness. | d. | sounds. | | | | |
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20.
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Chemoreceptors that detect odors are called ____ receptors. a. | auditory | c. | cone | b. | olfactory | d. | cochlea | | | | |
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21.
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Psychoactive drugs, such as cocaine, a. | affect the
central nervous system by changing the activity of synapses. | b. | are usually not
addictive. | c. | include only illegal drugs. | d. | All of the
above | | |
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22.
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Cocaine acts by a. | preventing dopamine reuptake. | b. | affecting the
limbic system, causing euphoria. | c. | overstimulating postsynaptic neurons. | d. | All of the
above | | |
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23.
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Narcotics affect the nervous system’s control of pain perception
by a. | blocking
dopamine reabsorption. | c. | inhibiting
dopamine production. | b. | mimicking cocaine. | d. | mimicking enkephalins. | | | | |
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24.
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Nicotine in tobacco causes pleasurable feelings by a. | blocking
dopamine reabsorption. | b. | mimicking the action of
acetylcholine. | c. | inhibiting a neurotransmitter similar to
dopamine. | d. | mimicking enkephalins. | | |
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25.
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The
effects of alcohol on the human body include a. | changes to the cell membrane of nerve
cells. | b. | altered transmission of nerve
signals. | c. | impaired coordination. | d. | All of the
above | | |
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