Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Nutrients provide the body with the energy and materials it needs for a. | growth. | c. | repair. | b. | maintenance. | d. | All of the above | | | | |
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2.
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Excess calories and fat in the diet a. | lead to
obesity. | b. | cause heart disease. | c. | increase the
risk of diabetes and heart disease. | d. | All of the above | | |
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3.
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Most
of the body’s energy needs should be supplied by dietary a. | carbohydrates. | c. | vitamins. | b. | fats. | d. | proteins. | | | | |
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4.
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Brain
cells and red blood cells receive most of their energy directly from a. | proteins. | c. | glucose. | b. | cellulose. | d. | deoxyribose. | | | | |
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5.
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Excessive amounts of vitamins such as vitamins A, D, E, and K a. | lead to
excellent health. | b. | can be harmful. | c. | present no
problem since they are not stored in the body. | d. | prevent
beriberi. | | |
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6.
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vitamins : minute amounts :: a. | B vitamins : scurvy | c. | vitamin C deficiency : rickets | b. | vitamin D
deficiency : pellagra | d. | trace elements :
minute amounts | | | | |
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7.
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The
food guide pyramid was developed by the a. | USDA. | c. | FDA. | b. | USAF. | d. | CDC. | | | | |
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8.
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The
nutritional guide that lists the number of servings needed by your body daily from each food group is
in the shape of a a. | football. | c. | square. | b. | circle. | d. | pyramid. | | | | |
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9.
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The
final function of the digestive system is a. | absorption. | c. | elimination. | b. | ingestion. | d. | peristalsis. | | | | |
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10.
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The
function of the digestive system is to a. | chemically break down food. | c. | absorb nutrient materials. | b. | mechanically
break apart food. | d. | All of the
above | | | | |
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11.
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The
first portion of the small intestine is the a. | colon. | c. | duodenum. | b. | esophagus. | d. | rectum. | | | | |
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12.
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Refer
to the illustration above. What is the name of structure 5? a. | liver | c. | duodenum | b. | stomach | d. | ileum | | | | |
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13.
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Fat
molecules are broken down into fatty acids by a. | emulsifiers. | c. | sphincters. | b. | amylases. | d. | lipases. | | | | |
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14.
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small
intestine : large intestine :: a. | large intestine : small
intestine | c. | esophagus :
stomach | b. | stomach : large intestine | d. | small intestine : esophagus | | | | |
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15.
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pancreas : enzymes for small intestine :: a. | stomach :
saliva | c. | liver : bile
salts | b. | stomach : proteins from amino
acids | d. | liver :
hydrochloric acid | | | | |
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16.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Structure A in the above diagram is a a. | villus. | c. | ureter. | b. | nephron. | d. | urethra. | | | | |
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17.
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Refer
to the illustration above. This structure is found in the a. | kidney. | c. | small
intestine. | b. | esophagus. | d. | tongue. | | | | |
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18.
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Refer
to the illustration above. This structure allows for an increase in a. | nutrient
absorption area. | c. | acid
production. | b. | mechanical digestion. | d. | bile production. | | | | |
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19.
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The
villi of the small intestine allow for an increase in the rate of a. | nutrient
absorption. | c. | acid
production. | b. | cellulose digestion. | d. | bile production. | | | | |
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20.
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Urea
is formed in the a. | cells. | c. | kidneys. | b. | lungs. | d. | liver. | | | | |
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21.
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The
filtrate removed from the blood by the kidneys might contain a. | salts, amino
acids, glucose, and urea. | b. | ammonia, red blood cells, and
minerals. | c. | fat, urea, and water. | d. | salts, urea, and
plasma. | | |
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22.
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Which
of the following filtrates is not reabsorbed in significant quantities back into the
bloodstream by the nephrons? a. | glucose | c. | urea | b. | ions | d. | water | | | | |
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23.
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Urine
leaves the body through the a. | ureter. | c. | bladder. | b. | urethra. | d. | intestine. | | | | |
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24.
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Hemodialysis simulates the filtering action of the a. | urethra. | c. | liver. | b. | pancreas. | d. | kidneys. | | | | |
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25.
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A
kidney dialysis machine a. | reduces blood volume. | c. | removes wastes from the blood. | b. | increases the
volume of the blood. | d. | oxygenates the
patient’s blood. | | | | |
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